In SUPPORT of MD HB 518, “Police Accountability Boards and Administrative Charging Committees-Municipal Corporations”

Testimony from:

Robert Melvin, Senior Manager, State Government Affairs for the Northeast Region, R Street Institute

In SUPPORT of MD HB 518, “Police Accountability Boards and Administrative Charging Committees-Municipal Corporations.”

February 21, 2023

Maryland House Judiciary Committee

Chairman Clippinger and members of the committee,

My name is Robert Melvin, and I am the senior manager of state government affairs for the Northeast region with the R Street Institute. The R Street Institute is a nonprofit, nonpartisan public policy research organization. Our mission is to engage in policy research and outreach to promote free markets and limited, effective government in many areas, including criminal justice reform and civil liberty issues. This is why we find HB 518 noteworthy.

This bill would expand on House Bill 670, adopted in 2021, that established Police Accountability Boards (PAB) in each county in Maryland; however, a key distinction is that House Bill 518 would instead authorize each municipality in Maryland to institute PABs within their jurisdictions.^[1]

Ensuring law enforcement is responsive to the general public is not a contemporary idea, rather it is one that has been in existence since at least the 1920s.^[2] Initially review boards were established in New York City, Philadelphia and Washington, D.C.^[3] Since that time there has been significant growth in the number of oversight boards for law enforcement with it rising from three to over 200 such panels.^[4]

This coincides with burgeoning support for establishing civilian oversight boards, with the Pew Research Center finding that 75 percent of respondents support the creation of such boards.^[5] 

There has even been a recognition by law enforcement groups, such as the International Association of Chiefs of Police, which issued a report related to practices in modern policing. The report had several recommendations including that law enforcement agencies “establish a culture of transparency and accountability,” and “create formal community advisory committees that reflect the demographics of the community or neighborhood that is being served.”^[6] We believe that HB 518 would comport nicely with these suggestions.

Most jurisdictions have review boards, like those proposed in HB 518, so this common oversight mechanism is not novel; it has been tried and tested in many other states and localities.^[7] This approach provides many benefits for Maryland citizens for a responsive law enforcement community. The public tends to view these review commissions as more representative of the community, and they provide an opportunity for an outsider’s perspective to be brought forward in the compliant investigations process which can help identify and remediate shortcomings.

The focus on ensuring these PABs have diversity on them will also incentivize law enforcement to ensure there is no bias or appearance of bias in their investigations, thereby increasing legitimacy, trust and confidence in the process.^[8] Moreover, there is an increased probability that police trainings and community relations can be improved.

Finally, this bill provides municipalities with the ability to form these PABs, allowing them to decide individually if these would be helpful in their own communities. Ultimately, this proposal will help provide more sunlight on law enforcement agencies, which can help those agencies become more responsive and respected by the public.

As mentioned earlier, this approach has been tried and tested for decades and in jurisdictions across the United States. There is broad support from the public for PABs, and the structure of HB 518 will ensure that they are perceived by the public as representing that community, provide an opportunity for gathering feedback and increase confidence in law enforcement. Therefore, this bill can help strengthen community relations with police. For these reasons, the R Street Institute urges you to support HB 518.

Thank you, 

Robert Melvin
Senior Manager, Government Affairs for the Northeast Region
R Street Institute
[email protected]